The Comprehensive Communal Trauma Intervention Model (CCTIM), an Innovative Transdisciplinary Population-Level Model for Treating Trauma-Induced Illness and Mental Health in Global Vulnerable Communities: Palestine, a Case Study.

This paper explores how Western medicine may not fully understand and address post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-induced illnesses in a culturally appropriate manner in marginalized communities and offers a theoretical framework to develop comprehensive, effective, and sustainable solutions that comprehensively address and treat the trauma on both a collective and individual level. Focused on Palestinians, this paper discusses the collective trauma Palestinians experienced and how it manifests in transgenerational effects on the body and mind that may be post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or perhaps another distinct condition that is yet to be codified in the Western medical lexicon. It describes local alternatives to Western medical diagnostic tools like the "ease to disease" diagnostic scale and the sociopolitical context-in this case, the Palestinian fight for karamah, or dignity-from which such alternatives arise. Based on these findings, a novel theoretical framework, the comprehensive communal trauma intervention model (CCTIM), a truly transdisciplinary population-level model for treating mental health in vulnerable communities globally, is proposed. It articulates the need to address the root cause of collective trauma, make modifications to the healthcare system, and cultivate strategic equity-oriented and research-based partnerships.

Organizational commitment among physicians: A systematic literature review.

PURPOSE: Physicians work increasingly in larger organizations across different health care delivery systems. This systematic review examines the published empirical literature on organizational commitment among physicians within an international context. DESIGN: A systematic, PRISMA-guided review examining studies of organizational commitment among physicians published over time. Four article databases and a combination of appropriate search terms aided in identifying relevant articles. FINDINGS: Key findings include: (a) physicians, regardless of country, personal characteristics, type of job, or place of employment generally have lower levels of organizational commitment than other health care workers; (b) work- and job-related variables, particular age and job satisfaction, shape physicians' organizational commitment; and (c) organizational commitment and the factors that shape it are similar across physicians working in different health systems.Review implications: Organizational commitment should remain central for researchers to study in most health systems internationally. Larger samples, longitudinal research, and greater use of theory are design improvements that will strengthen the extant research. The findings imply that if healthcare organizations create workplaces that make physicians feel in control, do not overwhelm them with work, provide a supportive culture, enhance their ability to give input, and keep them job satisfied, they may gain enhanced organizational commitment.Originality and value: To our knowledge, this is the first review of research examining organizational commitment among physicians. It is a resource for researchers and managers interested in learning more about aligning physician thinking and behavior with health care organizations.

Elementos distintivos de los sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica en el contexto cubano e internacional / Distinctive features of technological surveillance systems in the Cuban and international contexts

La propuesta de sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica en diversos sectores, tanto en Cuba como en el ámbito internacional, ha sido un área de conocimiento que ha evolucionado. Esta investigación tiene la intención de profundizar en las particularidades que distinguen a los sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica, con la finalidad de que las organizaciones que tienen entre sus proyecciones diseñar este tipo de sistema conozcan cuáles son los aspectos que deben tener en cuenta. Se identificaron un total de 21 sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica. Los elementos que se utilizaron para describirlos fueron: institución a la que pertenecen, diagnóstico de la vigilancia tecnológica, procesos de vigilancia tecnológica, norma o modelo de vigilancia tecnológica, roles del sistema, productos/servicios, difusión de los resultados de vigilancia tecnológica, plataformas para la gestión de la vigilancia tecnológica y evaluación del funcionamiento del sistema. Se utilizó el análisis documental para la identificación y el análisis de las diversas fuentes de información para analizar los aspectos teóricos y los elementos distintivos de los sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica objeto de estudio. Los principales resultados arrojaron que los elementos que coinciden en la estructura de este tipo de sistema son: etapas del proceso de vigilancia tecnológica, finalidad del sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica, fuentes de información que utilizan, definición de roles, productos/servicios de información y plataformas para la gestión de la sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica. La mayoría de las experiencias estudiadas define el sistema de vigilancia tecnológica a través de las normas de vigilancia AFNOR XP X 50-053-FRE y UNE 166006: 2006 Ex Sistema de Vigilancia Tecnológica(AU)

Proposal of technological surveillance systems is a field of knowledge in permanent evolution, both in Cuba and internationally. The purpose of the present study is todeeply analyze the features distinguishing technological surveillance systems with a view to informing organizations in charge of designing such systems about the aspects they should bear in mind. A total 21 technological surveillance systems were identified. The following features were used for their description: institution they belong to, technological surveillance diagnosis, technological surveillance processes, technological surveillance standard or model, system roles, products / services, dissemination of technological surveillance results, technological surveillance management platforms, and system performance evaluation. Document analysis was performed to identify and analyze the various information sources as well as to examine the theoretical aspects and distinctive features of the technological surveillance systems under study. According to the main results obtained, the elements present in the structure of this type of system are the following: stages in the technological surveillance process, purpose of the technological surveillance system, sources of information used, role definition, information products / services, and platforms for technological surveillance systems management. Most of the experiences examined base their definition of technological surveillance system on surveillance standards AFNOR XP X 50-053-FRE and UNE 166006: 2006 Ex(AU)

Elementos distintivos de los sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica en el contexto cubano e internacional / Distinctive features of technological surveillance systems in the Cuban and international contexts / Elementos distintivos dos Sistemas de Vigilância Tecnológica no contexto cubano e internacional

La propuesta de sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica en diversos sectores, tanto en Cuba como en el ámbito internacional, ha sido un área de conocimiento que ha evolucionado. Esta investigación tiene la intención de profundizar en las particularidades que distinguen a los sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica, con la finalidad de que las organizaciones que tienen entre sus proyecciones diseñar este tipo de sistema conozcan cuáles son los aspectos que deben tener en cuenta. Se identificaron un total de 21 sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica. Los elementos que se utilizaron para describirlos fueron: institución a la que pertenecen, diagnóstico de la vigilancia tecnológica, procesos de vigilancia tecnológica, norma o modelo de vigilancia tecnológica, roles del sistema, productos/servicios, difusión de los resultados de vigilancia tecnológica, plataformas para la gestión de la vigilancia tecnológica y evaluación del funcionamiento del sistema. Se utilizó el análisis documental para la identificación y el análisis de las diversas fuentes de información para analizar los aspectos teóricos y los elementos distintivos de los sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica objeto de estudio. Los principales resultados arrojaron que los elementos que coinciden en la estructura de este tipo de sistema son: etapas del proceso de vigilancia tecnológica, finalidad del sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica, fuentes de información que utilizan, definición de roles, productos/servicios de información y plataformas para la gestión de la sistemas de vigilancia tecnológica. La mayoría de las experiencias estudiadas define el sistema de vigilancia tecnológica a través de las normas de vigilancia AFNOR XP X 50-053-FRE y UNE 166006: 2006 Ex Sistema de Vigilancia Tecnológica.

Proposal of technological surveillance systems is a field of knowledge in permanent evolution, both in Cuba and internationally. The purpose of the present study is todeeply analyze the features distinguishing technological surveillance systems with a view to informing organizations in charge of designing such systems about the aspects they should bear in mind. A total 21 technological surveillance systems were identified. The following features were used for their description: institution they belong to, technological surveillance diagnosis, technological surveillance processes, technological surveillance standard or model, system roles, products / services, dissemination of technological surveillance results, technological surveillance management platforms, and system performance evaluation. Document analysis was performed to identify and analyze the various information sources as well as to examine the theoretical aspects and distinctive features of the technological surveillance systems under study. According to the main results obtained, the elements present in the structure of this type of system are the following: stages in the technological surveillance process, purpose of the technological surveillance system, sources of information used, role definition, information products / services, and platforms for technological surveillance systems management. Most of the experiences examined base their definition of technological surveillance system on surveillance standards AFNOR XP X 50-053-FRE and UNE 166006: 2006 Ex.

A proposta de sistemas de vigilância tecnológica em diversos sectores, tanto em Cuba como no âmbito internacional, tem sido uma área de conhecimento que tem evolucionado. Esta investigação tem a intenção de aprofundar nas particularidades que distinguem os sistemas de vigilância tecnológica, com a finalidade de que as organizações que têm entre suas projeções desenhar este tipo de sistema conheçam quais são os aspectos que devem ter em conta. Identificaram-se um total de 21 sistemas de vigilância tecnológica. Os elementos que se utilizaram para descrevê-los foram: instituição à que pertencem, diagnóstico da vigilância tecnológica, processos de vigilância tecnológica, norma ou modelo de vigilância tecnológica, roles do sistema, productos/serviços, difusão dos resultados de vigilância tecnológica, plataformas para a gestão da vigilância tecnológica e avaliação do funcionamento do sistema. Utilizou-se a análise documental para a identificação e a análise das diversas fontes de informação para analisar os aspectos teóricos e os elementos distintivos dos sistemas de vigilância tecnológica objeto de estudo. Os principais resultados fizeram com que os elementos que coincidem na estructura deste tipo de sistema são: etapas do processo de vigilância tecnológica, finalidade dos sistemas de vigilância tecnológica, fontes de informação que utilizam, definição de roles, produtos/serviços de informação e plataformas para a gestão dos sistemas de vigilância tecnológica. A maioria das experiências estudadas define o sistema de vigilância tecnológica a través das normas de vigilância AFNOR XP X 50-053-FRE e UNE 166006: 2006 Ex Sistema de Vigilância Tecnológica.

O contexto internacional e a retomada do debate sobre desenvolvimento no Brasil contemporâneo (2000/2010) / The international context and resumption of the debate on development in contemporary Brazil (2000-2010) / Le contexte international et la reprise du débat sur le développement dans le Brésil contemporain (2000/2010)

The current article aims to evaluate the interconnection between external and internal factors in the evolution of the development debate in contemporary Brazil. The article analyzes changes in the international context during the first decade of the 21st century, in contrast to the 1990s, with particular emphasis on the strong shift in the international academic debate. Next, focusing on Brazil, it examines the prevailing concepts on new paths to development. Finally, it inquires about the possibility of identifying a core consensus for a new development model for the country. The article concludes that the debate is still open, although there has been some convergence around so-called new developmentalism. Meanwhile, the article highlights the existence of a gap in the new agenda's social insertion, to the extent that it is still not possible to detect a solid coalition capable of ensuring its political sustainability.

Dans cet article, on cherche à examiner la connexion entre facteurs externes et internes dans l'évolution du débat sur le développement dans le Brésil contemporain. On y considere les changements survenus dans le contexte international pendant cette décennie, par rapport aux années 1990, avec un accent sur la forte inflexion vérifiée dans le débat académique international. Ensuite, en ce qui concerne le Brésil, on examine les conceptions dominantes sur les nouvelles voies de développement. Et, enfin, on s'interroge sur la possibilité d'identifier un noyau minimum de consensus autour d'un nouveau modèle de développement pour le pays. Pour conclure, bien qu'on perçoive une certaine convergence autour de ce qu'on appelle le nouveau-développementisme, on remarque que le débat reste ouvert. Et on souligne l'existence d'une lacune quant à l'insertion de l'agenda publique, vu que l'on ne trouve pas de coalition assez solide pour lui offrir un soutien politique.